Publications

@article{nokey,

title = {Major ocean currents may shape the microbiome of the topshell Phorcus sauciatus in the NE Atlantic Ocean},

author = {Ricardo Sousa and Joana Vasconcelos and Iván Vera-Escalona and João Delgado and Mafalda Freitas and José A. González and Rodrigo Riera },

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91448-0},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91448-0},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-14},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {11},

number = {12480},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Global assessment of innovative solutions to tackle marine litter},

author = {Nikoleta Bellou and Chiara Gambardella and Konstantinos Karantzalos and João G. Monteiro and João Canning-Clode and Stephanie Kemna and Camilo A. Arrieta-Giron and Carsten Lemmen},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00726-2},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00726-2},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-10},

urldate = {2021-06-10},

journal = {Nature Sustainability},

volume = {4},

pages = {516-524},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid32997241,

title = {Caligus madeirensis sp. nov. (Copepoda: Caligidae) Parasitic on Pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758), from Eastern Atlantic Waters, Surrounding the Madeira Archipelago, Portugal},

author = {Ilhem Hamdi and Margarida Hermida and Seyit Ali Kamanli and Bouchra Benmansour and Argun Akif Özak and Geoffrey Allan Boxshall},

doi = {10.1007/s11686-020-00290-3},

issn = {1896-1851},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-01},

journal = {Acta Parasitol},

volume = {66},

number = {2},

pages = {361--376},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION: A new species of the genus Caligus is described based on specimens collected from pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus), caught in eastern Atlantic waters, near the Madeira archipelago.



METHODS: Pompano (n = 21) were purchased from the local fish market and examined for parasitic copepods. Morphological features of the copepods were examined and drawn using an Olympus BX51 equipped with a drawing tube. Key diagnostic characters were scanned using a confocal laser scanning microscope and a scanning electron microscope.



RESULTS: Caligus madeirensis sp. nov., can be distinguished from all congeners (270 spp.) by the combination of the following characters: (i) an accessory process on the 3 outer terminal spines located on the distal exopodal segment of leg 1, (ii) a mandible with 14 teeth, (iii) a sternal furca with parallel, spatulate tines, (iv) a maxilliped with 2 simple setae at base of a claw, (v) a leg 3 with second endopodal segment with 5 pinnate setae, (vi) a 2-segmented leg 4 exopod with I; III spine formula, (vii) a male antenna with 4 overlapping plates on the distal segment, (viii) a male maxilliped corpus bearing a prominent myxal process ornamented with dense corrugations along inner margin.



CONCLUSION: Together with Caligus madeirensis sp. nov., the Caligus fauna of Portugal consists of 13 species reported from 17 Portuguese marine fishes. Considering the large number of marine fish species (510 spp.) currently recorded from Portuguese waters it seems that only 3.3% of the Portuguese marine fishes have been found to be infested with species of the genus Caligus O.F. Müller, 1758, the result of which, however, might be due to limited sampling.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{unknown,

title = {Neotype designation and re-description of Forsskål’s reticulate whipray Himantura uarnak},

author = {Philippe Borsa and Collin Williams and Ashlie J. McIvor and Michael Berumen},

doi = {10.1101/2020.10.22.350629},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-17},

urldate = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Marine Biodiversity},

volume = {51},

number = {28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid33576748,

title = {Survey of Kudoa spp. (Myxozoa, Cnidaria) in fishes from the Madeira Archipelago and the Portuguese mainland coast: detection of Kudoa thyrsites in new hosts Scomber colias and Micromesistius poutassou},

author = {Barbara Cavaleiro and Joana Serrao and Sara Nogueira and Liliana Ribeiro and Margarida Hermida and Cristina Cruz and Martina Lisnerova and Ivan Fiala and Aurelia Saraiva},

doi = {10.14411/fp.2021.003},

issn = {1803-6465},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-01},

journal = {Folia Parasitol (Praha)},

volume = {68},

abstract = {Myxozoan parasites of the genus Kudoa Meglitsch, 1947 are associated with post-mortem tissue degradation that causes great financial losses to commercial fisheries. Kudoa thyrsites (Gilchrist, 1924) is a species with a very wide host range including commercial tunas, mackerels, salmonids and flatfishes. A sample of 190 fishes of 18 species from the Madeira Archipelago and 30 Atlantic chub mackerel, Scomber colias Gmelin, and 30 blue whiting, Micromesistius poutassou (Risso), from the Portuguese mainland coast were examined for the presence of species of Kudoa. The prevalence of Kudoa spp. was 80% in M. poutassou and 60% in S. colias. No spore was detected in S. colias from Madeira, which was confirmed by specific PCR screening of the muscle from all individuals of S. colias. SSU rDNA analysis revealed that M. poutassou and S. colias from the Portuguese mainland coast were infected with K. thyrsites, an economically important myxozoan parasite. Both sequences were identical with sequences of the eastern Atlantic K. thyrsites genotype, including that from the type host of this parasite. This is the first report of K. thyrsites from M. poutassou and S. colias. The fact that spores of species of Kudoa were not detected in fishes screened in the Madeira Archipelago may be explained by various ecological factors, such as the absence of a continental shelf, a short insular shelf, and oceanic waters with low productivity, all resulting in reduced abundance of benthic organisms. Consequently, it is possible that as yet unknown annelid definitive hosts of Kudoa spp. are absent or very rare near Madeiran coasts.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11937,

title = {Decreasing pH impairs sexual reproduction in a Mediterranean coral transplanted at a CO2 vent},

author = {Chiara Marchini and Francesca Gizzi and Thomas Pondrelli and Lisa Moreddu and Luca Marisaldi and Francesco Montori and Valentina Lazzari and Valentina Airi and Erik Caroselli and Fiorella Prada and Giuseppe Falini and Zvy Dubinsky and Stefano Goffredo},

url = {https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11937},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11937},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},

volume = {66},

number = {11},

pages = {3990-4000},

abstract = {ABSTRACT Ocean acidification, due to the increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere and its absorption by the oceans, affects many aspects of marine calcifying organisms' biology, including reproduction. Most of the available studies on low pH effects on coral reproduction have been conducted on tropical species under controlled conditions, while little information is reported for either tropical or temperate species in the field. This study describes the influence of decreasing pH on sexual reproduction of the temperate non-zooxanthellate colonial scleractinian Astroides calycularis, transplanted in four sites along a natural pH gradient at the underwater volcanic crater of Panarea Island (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). The average pH values of each site (range: pHTS 8.07–7.40) match different scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for the end of the century. After 3 months under experimental conditions, the reproductive parameters of both oocytes and spermaries (abundance, gonadal index, and diameters) seem to be unaffected by low pH. However, a delay in spermary development in the pre-fertilization period and a persistence of mature oocytes in the fertilization period were observed in the most acidic site. Furthermore, no embryos were found in colonies from the two most acidic sites, suggesting a delay or an interruption of the fertilization process due to acidified conditions. These findings suggest a negative effect of low pH on A. calycularis sexual reproduction. However, long-term experiments, including the synergistic impact of pH and temperature, are needed to predict if this species will be able to adapt to climate change over the next century.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{SOUSA2021105485,

title = {Pleistocene expansion, anthropogenic pressure and ocean currents: Disentangling the past and ongoing evolutionary history of Patella aspera Röding, 1798 in the archipelago of Madeira},

author = {Ricardo Sousa and Joana Vasconcelos and Iván Vera-Escalona and Ana Rita Pinto and S. J. Hawkins and Mafalda Freitas and João Delgado and José A. González and Rodrigo Riera},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141113621002415},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105485},

issn = {0141-1136},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Marine Environmental Research},

volume = {172},

pages = {105485},

abstract = {Aims 

Rising sea-level following the Last Glacial Maximum lead to fragmentation of coastal limpet populations between islands of the Archipelago of Madeira. This fragmentation is reinforced by recent heavy exploitation reducing effective population size on Madeira Island. We use the limpet P. aspera to understand how the role of processes at different time scales (i.e. changes in the sea level and overexploitation) can influence the genetic composition of an extant species, relating these processes to reproductive phenology and seasonal shifts in ocean currents. 

Location 

Madeira Island, Porto Santo and Desertas (Archipelago of Madeira, NE Atlantic Ocean). 

Taxon 

The limpet Patella aspera. 

Methods Twelve microsatellite genetic markers were used. A power analysis was used to evaluate the power of the microsatellite markers to detect a signal of population differentiation. Long-term past migrations were assessed using a Bayesian Markov Montecarlo approach in the software MIGRATE-n to estimate mutation-scaled migration rates (M = m/μ; m, probability of a lineage immigrating per generation; μ, mutation rate). Two scenarios were evaluated using an Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) in the software DIYABC 2.1 (i) Scenario 1: considered a population scenario from a reduced Ne at time t3 to a higher Ne at time t2; and (ii) Scenario 2 considering a reduction of Ne from a time t3 to a time t2. 

Results 

Colonization of the archipelago by Portuguese settlers six centuries ago probably led to an important decrease in the genetic diversity of the species (Ne). Contemporary gene flow strongly support a pattern of high asymmetric connectivity explained by the reproductive phenology of the species and spatio-temporal seasonal changes in the ocean currents. Spatio-temporal reconstructions using Bayesian methods, including coalescent and Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) approaches, suggest changes in the migration patterns from highly symmetric to highly asymmetric connectivity with subtle population differentiation as consequence of post-glacial maximum sea level rise during the Holocene. 

Main conclusions 

Our results suggest that anthropogenic activity could have had serious effects on the genetic diversity of heavily exploited littoral species since the end of the Pleistocene, probably accelerating in recent years.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{VILLEGASRIOS2021109333,

title = {Time at risk: Individual spatial behaviour drives effectiveness of marine protected areas and fitness},

author = {David Villegas-Ríos and Joachim Claudet and Carla Freitas and Even Moland and Susanna Huneide Thorbjørnsen and Alexandre Alonso-Fernández and Esben M. Olsen},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006320721003852},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109333},

issn = {0006-3207},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Biological Conservation},

volume = {263},

pages = {109333},

abstract = {The effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) depends on the mobility of the populations that are the target of protection, with sedentary species likely to spend more time under protection even within small MPAs. However, little is understood about how individual variation in mobility may influence the risk of crossing an MPA border, as well as the fitness costs associated with being exposed to spillover fisheries. Here we investigated the repeatability of spatial behaviour, its role in determining the probability of being at risk (i.e. exposed to the fishery) and the fitness consequences for the individuals. We acoustically tracked the movements and fate of 282 individuals of three fish species during 8 years in a southern Norwegian fjord. We found that for individuals with a home range centroid inside the MPA, the probability of being at risk outside the MPA increased rapidly with reduced distance from the home range centroid to MPA borders, particularly for individuals having larger and more dispersed home ranges. We also detected that the seasonal expansions of the home range are associated with increased time at risk. Last, we show that individuals spending more time at risk were also more likely to be harvested by the fishery operating outside the MPA. Our study provides clear links between individual fish behaviour, fisheries-induced selection, and the effectiveness of protected areas. These links highlight the importance of intraspecific trait variation for understanding the spatial dynamics of populations and emphasize the need to consider individual behaviour when designing and implementing MPAs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{EHLERS2021112841,

title = {Plasticrusts derive from maritime ropes scouring across raspy rocks},

author = {Sonja M. Ehlers and Julius A. Ellrich and Ignacio Gestoso},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X21008754},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112841},

issn = {0025-326X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin},

volume = {172},

pages = {112841},

abstract = {Plasticrusts are a novel form of plastic debris which has only recently been discovered in Madeira Island, NE Atlantic Ocean. Plasticrusts consist of plastic encrusting wave-exposed rocky intertidal habitats and are presumably generated by waves smashing plastic debris against intertidal rocks. However, direct observations of this process are lacking and it is unknown which type of plastic debris the plasticrusts derive from. Therefore, we examined the Madeira rocky intertidal for signs of plasticrust formation and collected plasticrust and co-occurring plastic debris pieces of matching colors. We examined all collected materials using digital microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. We found that plasticrusts can result from maritime ropes being scoured across raspy intertidal rocks and that the plasticrusts and the corresponding ropes consisted of polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Furthermore, we show that high temperatures contribute to plasticrust formation. Thereby, our study provides first insights into the complex plasticrust formation process.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3665,

title = {Bryde's whales in the North-East Atlantic: New insights on site fidelity and connectivity between oceanic archipelagos},

author = {Rita Ferreira and Ana Dinis and Anja Badenas and Annalisa Sambolino and Jacobo Marrero-Pérez and Ana Crespo and Filipe Alves},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/aqc.3665},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3665},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems},

volume = {31},

number = {10},

pages = {2938-2950},

abstract = {Abstract The conservation of marine megafauna presents numerous difficulties owing to their high mobility over difficult-to-access oceanic areas that impairs the collection of basic, but essential, biological information. The Bryde's whale (Balaenoptera edeni) is one of the most elusive species of baleen whales, and although it is known to be a seasonal visitor to several archipelagos in Macaronesia (the Azores, Madeira, and Canaries), there are no studies regarding its occurrence or geographical connectivity in this area of the Atlantic. A 14-year photographic database was used to determine short-term (intra-seasonal) and long-term (inter-annual) Bryde's whale site fidelity and to estimate individual residency times in Madeira, whereas photographic catalogues from Madeira and the Canaries were compared in order to assess large-scale movements (i.e. on the scale of hundreds of kilometres). In Madeira, 59 individuals were identified, 27 (45.8%) of which were recaptured. Of these, 10 individuals (37.0%) presented short-term site fidelity and 17 individuals (63.0%) presented long-term site fidelity, with a maximum recapture interval of 12 years. Lagged identification rates showed that five individuals (SE = 2) remained in the area for 32 days (SE = 108 days) before leaving and not returning during the same year. Seven individuals were seen both in Madeira and the Canaries (catalogue comprising 51 individuals), three of which were identified multiple times in both archipelagos, with a minimum of 43 days between consecutive sightings. This information combined with the fact that this species is commonly sighted accompanied by calves and feeding in both archipelagos highlights the ecological importance of this area for Bryde's whales. This should be taken into consideration by policymakers when implementing conservation measures, where coordination of effort among countries is needed. This study also reinforces the value of using data from platforms of opportunity and of making photographic data open access.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{BETTENCOURT2021112446,

title = {Marine litter: A review of educative interventions},

author = {Sara Bettencourt and Sónia Costa and Sandra Caeiro},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X2100480X},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112446},

issn = {0025-326X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin},

volume = {168},

pages = {112446},

abstract = {Marine litter is claimed to be one of the most meaningful environmental crises of the century. Education that supports behavior change is a tool to tackle this problem. However, there is a lack of research linking educational initiatives and marine litter issues. A literature review was conducted through a bibliometric and content analysis to explore the state of knowledge regarding educational actions. The results revealed that 2019 was the year with the highest number of publications and that 83.4% of the documents were collaborative efforts. Concerning educational approaches, hands-on and technological activities are being explored to raise awareness and stimulate behavior change. Students and questionnaires represent, respectively, the most common audience and evaluating method. More integrative actions and respective long-term methodological triangulation evaluation were identified as necessary in future studies. This paper is expected to contribute to innovative knowledge in the area by identifying the main gaps in the literature.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Faria2021.06.25.448933,

title = {Arrival and proliferation of the invasive seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae in NE Atlantic islands},

author = {Joao Faria and Afonso C. L. Prestes and Ignacio Moreu and Gustavo M Martins and Ana I. Neto and Eva Cacabelos},

url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/06/26/2021.06.25.448933},

doi = {10.1101/2021.06.25.448933},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {bioRxiv},

publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory},

abstract = {The present study reports the recent occurrence and expansion of Rugulopteryx okamurae in the Azores archipelago (NE Atlantic). Morphological and molecular characters confirmed the species identification. Quick surveys around the island of S~ao Miguel showed that it has successfully colonized the island and is quickly expanding. In some locations, R. okamurae is currently the dominant organism smothering all other benthic biota and posing a serious threat to the benthic ecosystems across the region. The species first record dates from 2019 near the main harbour of the island, suggesting that its introduction was driven by human-assisted transport, via boat ballast waters or adhered to ship hulls and likely originating from the Mediterranean populations that have been proliferating in recent years across the Strait of Gibraltar.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{article,

title = {New records of Pachygrapsus maurus (H. Lucas, 1846) (Crustacea: Decapoda) in Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean Sea)},

author = {Alejandro Bernal-Ibáñez and Mercè Morató and Elvira Álvarez and Maite Vázquez-Luis},

url = {https://ejournals.epublishing.ekt.gr/index.php/hcmr-med-mar-sc/article/view/12027},

doi = {10.12681/mms.54},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Bolleti de la Societat d'Historia Natural de les Balears},

volume = {64},

pages = {15-22},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{SOUSA2021148652,

title = {Climate change vulnerability of cetaceans in Macaronesia: Insights from a trait-based assessment},

author = {António Sousa and Filipe Alves and Patricia Arranz and Ana Dinis and Marc Fernandez and Laura González García and Misael Morales and Matthew D. Lettrich and Ricardo Encarnação Coelho and Hugo Costa and Tiago Capela Lourenço and N. M. J. Azevedo and Catarina Frazão Santos},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969721037244},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148652},

issn = {0048-9697},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Science of The Total Environment},

volume = {795},

pages = {148652},

abstract = {Over the last decades global warming has caused an increase in ocean temperature, acidification and oxygen loss which has led to changes in nutrient cycling and primary production affecting marine species at multiple trophic levels. While knowledge about the impacts of climate change in cetacean's species is still scarce, practitioners and policymakers need information about the species at risk to guide the implementation of conservation measures. To assess cetacean's vulnerability to climate change in the biogeographic region of Macaronesia, we adapted the Marine Mammal Climate Vulnerability Assessment (MMCVA) method and applied it to 21 species management units using an expert elicitation approach. Results showed that over half (62%) of the units assessed presented Very High (5 units) or High (8 units) vulnerability scores. Very High vulnerability scores were found in archipelago associated units of short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), namely in the Canary Islands and Madeira, as well as Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus) in the Canary Islands. Overall, certainty scores ranged from Very High to Moderate for 67% of units. Over 50% of units showed a high potential for distribution, abundance and phenology changes as a response to climate change. With this study we target current and future information needs of conservation managers in the region, and guide research and monitoring efforts, while contributing to the improvement and validation of trait-based vulnerability approaches under a changing climate.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13305,

title = {Gaps in DNA sequence libraries for Macaronesian marine macroinvertebrates imply decades till completion and robust monitoring},

author = {Pedro E. Vieira and Ana S. Lavrador and Manuela I. Parente and Paola Parretti and Ana C. Costa and Filipe O. Costa and Sofia Duarte},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ddi.13305},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13305},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Diversity and Distributions},

volume = {27},

number = {10},

pages = {2003-2015},

abstract = {Abstract Aim DNA metabarcoding has great potential to improve biomonitoring in island's marine ecosystems, which are highly vulnerable to global change and non-indigenous species (NIS) introductions. However, the depth and accuracy of the taxonomic identifications are mainly dependent on reference libraries containing representative and reliable sequences for the targeted species. In this study, we evaluated the gaps in the availability of DNA sequences and their accuracy for macroinvertebrates inhabiting Macaronesia's shallow marine habitats. Location Macaronesia (Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, Canaries). Methods Checklists of marine invertebrates occurring above 50 m depth were compiled using public databases and published checklists. The availability of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 18S rRNA (18S) gene sequences was verified in BOLD and GenBank. Finally, COI data were audited to check the congruence between morphospecies and Barcode Index Numbers (BINs). Results The taxonomic coverage of different phyla was greater for COI but unbalanced and variable among archipelagos. NIS were better represented in genetic databases (up to 73% and 59%, for COI and 18S, respectively) than native species (up to 47% and 31%, for COI and 18S, respectively). NIS displayed a higher number of discordant records, and native species, a higher quantity of cases of multiple BINs. Notably, DNA sequences generated from specimens collected from Macaronesia were found in less than 10% of the species. Projection of the rates of accretion of DNA sequences suggests that decades will be needed to complete these reference libraries. Main conclusions The level of completion of reference libraries for Macaronesia's marine macroinvertebrates is generally poor. Without a solid effort to speed up the production of sequence data (i.e. generate more DNA barcodes), the ability to employ DNA-based biomonitoring of such vulnerable fauna is compromised. The high levels of suspected hidden diversity further deepen the expected gaps and reinforce the vulnerability of this endemism-rich fauna.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ROMA2021151603,

title = {Moderately elevated temperatures increase macroalgal food consumption in two sea urchin species from coastal waters of Madeira},

author = {Joana Roma and Katrin Schertenleib and Patrício Ramalhosa and Ignacio Gestoso and João Canning-Clode and Mark Lenz},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022098121000939},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2021.151603},

issn = {0022-0981},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology},

volume = {542-543},

pages = {151603},

abstract = {Rising sea surface temperatures affect the feeding behaviour and reproductive success of many coastal benthic invertebrates. This experimental study investigated the effects of ocean warming on macroalgal food consumption rates in the sea urchins Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus from Madeira Island to assess how the feeding pressure they exert may change under warmer ocean conditions. Additionally, in A. lixula, the relationship between temperature and the gonad index was examined to estimate potential future reproductive output. Over the course of 25 days, 180 individuals of each species were exposed to temperatures between 22 °C and 31 °C. After 20 days, consumption rates were assessed in 48-h feeding trials. Gonad indices of A. lixula were determined on the last day of the experiment. In the thermal range investigated, both traits were found to be unimodal functions of temperature. In addition to temperature, consumption rates in both species and the gonad indices in A. lixula were influenced by body size, while feeding in A. lixula also varied between sexes. Maximum food consumption rates (A. lixula and P. lividus) as well as maximum gonad indices (only A. lixula) were observed between 25 °C and 26 °C. These values are at the upper end of the temperature range that currently prevails around Madeira, and may become average summer temperatures by the year 2100. Consequently, both sea urchin species may thrive during future warm summers and may enhance their top-down control on local macroalgal populations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{CACABELOS2021105287,

title = {Gastropods with different development modes respond differently to habitat fragmentation},

author = {Eva Cacabelos and Ana I. Neto and Gustavo M. Martins},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141113621000362},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105287},

issn = {0141-1136},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Marine Environmental Research},

volume = {167},

pages = {105287},

abstract = {The role of the human-made structures in coastal ecosystems can determine the spatial distribution or patterns of spatial abundances of marine organisms. To contribute to the understanding of linkages between different components of habitats (i.e. natural and artificial structures), we explored the role of type of larval development (planktotrophic vs. non-planktotrophic) on patterns of spatial variation of gastropods on rocky shores, elucidating the possible responsibility of habitat fragmentation on their distribution. Obtained results suggest that habitat fragmentation affects differently the patterns of variability of species with different types of larval development. Namely, fragmentation caused by artificial structures mostly influence variability of species with non-planktotrophic development. Moreover, although abundance of the species with non-planktotrophic development varied at small spatial scales, suggesting that processes operating at this scale are likely the main drivers of their distribution, changes in species variability were not associated with differences in species abundance among habitats.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14766,

title = {Diet and trophic position of two mackerel species in the archipelago of Madeira, Portugal},

author = {Joana Romero and Carolina Vieira and Susana Garrido and Margarida Hermida and Paulo Catry and Graça Faria and José Pedro Granadeiro},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jfb.14766},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14766},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Fish Biology},

volume = {99},

number = {3},

pages = {831-843},

abstract = {Abstract The Atlantic chub mackerel Scomber colias and the blue jack mackerel Trachurus picturatus are two abundant species in the Macaronesia region which includes the archipelago of Madeira, Portugal. Both are key species in the trophic web, being important prey for several local top predators, such as seabirds and marine mammals. Nonetheless, little is known about their feeding ecology in oceanic environments. In this study, the authors describe the seasonal variation in the diet of S. colias and T. picturatus in the oceanic region of Madeira throughout a year. Visual inspection of stomach contents revealed that S. colias fed on a broader range of prey groups than T. picturatus, but for both species, zooplankton (particularly calanoid copepods) and fish were the most important food items. The diet of S. colias included a higher proportion of fish, namely Atlantic saury Scomberesox saurus and S. colias, than that of T. picturatus, that included mostly the longspine snipefish Macroramphosus scolopax. T. picturatus consumed a higher proportion of decapods and other copepods. Seasonal variation was found in the diet of both species, with zooplanktonic species being more important in colder months (February to April) for S. colias and during warm months (May to October) for T. picturatus. Their diet in other seasons was dominated by fish. Although they consume similar prey, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of muscle of S. colias and T. picturatus showed little overlap in their diets, and T. picturatus showed higher δ15N and a narrower isotopic niche.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3897/BDJ.9.e64969,

title = {Marine algal flora of São Miguel Island, Azores},

author = {Ana I. Azevedo Neto and Ignacio Moreu and Edgar F.  Rosas Alquicira and Karla León-Cisneros and Eva Cacabelos and Andrea Z. Botelho and Joana Micael and Ana C. Costa and Raul M. A. Neto and José M. N. Azevedo and Sandra Monteiro and Roberto Resendes and Pedro Afonso and Afonso C. L. Prestes and Rita F. Patarra and Nuno V. Álvaro and David Milla-Figueras and Enric Ballesteros and Robert L. Fletcher and William Farnham and Ian Tittley and Manuela I. Parente},

url = {https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e64969},

doi = {10.3897/BDJ.9.e64969},

issn = {1314-2836},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Biodiversity Data Journal},

volume = {9},

pages = {e64969},

publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},

abstract = {The macroalgal flora of the Island of São Miguel (eastern group of the Azores archipelago) has attracted the interest of many researchers in the past, the first publications going back to the nineteenth century. Initial studies were mainly taxonomic, resulting in the publication of a checklist of the Azorean benthic marine algae. Later, the establishment of the University of the Azores on the Island permited the logistic conditions to develop both temporal studies and long-term research, and this resulted in a significant increase on research directed at the benthic marine algae and littoral communities of the Island and consequent publications.Prior to the present paper, the known macroalgal flora of São Miguel Island comprised around 260 species. Despite this richness, a significant amount of the research was never made public, notably Masters and PhD theses encompassing information regarding presence data recorded at littoral and sublittoral levels down to a depth of approximately 40 m around the Island, and the many collections made, which resulted in vouchers deposited in the AZB Herbarium Ruy Telles Palhinha and the LSM- Molecular Systematics Laboratory at the Faculty of Sciences and Technology of the University of the Azores.The present publication lists the macroalgal taxonomic records together with information on their ecology and occurrence around São Miguel Island, improving the knowledge of the Azorean macroalgal flora at local and regional scales.A total of 12,781 specimens (including some identified only to genus) belonging to 431 taxa of macroalgae are registered, comprising 284 Rhodophyta, 59 Chlorophyta and 88 Ochrophyta (Phaeophyceae). Of these, 323 were identified to species level (212 Rhodophyta, 48 Chlorophyta and 63 Ochrophyta), of which 61 are new records for the Island (42 Rhodophyta, 9 Chlorophyta and 10 Ochrophyta), 1 an Azorean endemic (Predaea feldmannii subsp. azorica Gabriel), 5 are Macaronesian endemisms (the red algae Botryocladia macaronesica Afonso-Carrillo, Sobrino, Tittley & Neto, Laurencia viridis Gil-Rodríguez & Haroun, Millerella tinerfensis (Seoane-Camba) S.M.Boo & J.M.Rico, Phyllophora gelidioides P.Crouan & H.Crouan ex Karsakoff and the green alga Codium elisabethiae O.C.Schmidt), 19 are introduced species (15 Rhodophyta, 2 Chlorophyta and 2 Ochrophyta), and 32 are of uncertain status (21 Rhodophyta, 5 Chlorophyta and 6 Ochrophyta).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13497,

title = {Sea temperature effects on depth use and habitat selection in a marine fish community},

author = {Carla Freitas and David Villegas-Ríos and Even Moland and Esben Moland Olsen},

url = {https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1365-2656.13497},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13497},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Animal Ecology},

volume = {90},

number = {7},

pages = {1787-1800},

abstract = {Abstract Understanding the responses of aquatic animals to temperature variability is essential to predict impacts of future climate change and to inform conservation and management. Most ectotherms such as fish are expected to adjust their behaviour to avoid extreme temperatures and minimize acute changes in body temperature. In coastal Skagerrak, Norway, sea surface temperature (SST) ranges seasonally from 0 to over 20°C, representing a challenge to the fish community which includes cold-, cool- and warm-water affinity species. By acoustically tracking 111 individuals of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, pollack Pollachius pollachius and ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta in 2015–2018, we examined how coexisting species within a fish community adjusted their behaviour (i.e. vertical distribution in the water column and habitat selection) to cope with the thermal variation. Mixed-effect models showed that thermal preference was a main driver of behaviour and habitat use of the fish community in a southern Norwegian fjord. Cod used colder waters, compared with pollack and ballan wrasse. Increases in SST during summer were associated with the use of deeper, colder waters by cod, especially by larger individuals, and conversely with the occupancy of shallower areas by pollack and ballan wrasse. During winter, when SST dropped and the thermal stratification reversed, pollack and ballan wrasse moved to deeper, relatively warmer areas, while cod selected shallower, colder habitats. Although habitat selection was affected by temperature, species-specific habitat selection was observed even when temperature was similar throughout habitats. This study shows how cohabiting fish species respond to thermal heterogeneity, suggesting that (a) temperature regulates the access to the different depths and habitats and (b) behavioural plasticity may be an important factor for coping with temperature variability and potentially for adaptation to climate change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3897/BDJ.9.e61909,

title = {Marine algal flora of Santa Maria Island, Azores},

author = {Ana I. Azevedo Neto and Manuela I. Parente and Eva Cacabelos and Ana Cristina Costa and Andrea Zita Botelho and Enric Ballesteros and Sandra Monteiro and Roberto Resendes and Pedro Afonso and Afonso C. L. Prestes and Rita F. Patarra and Nuno V. Álvaro and David Mila-Figueras and Raul M. A. Neto and José M. N. Azevedo and Ignacio Moreu},

url = {https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e61909},

doi = {10.3897/BDJ.9.e61909},

issn = {1314-2836},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Biodiversity Data Journal},

volume = {9},

pages = {e61909},

publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},

abstract = {The algal flora of the Island of Santa Maria (eastern group of the Azores archipelago) has attracted interest of many researchers on numerous past occasions (such as Drouët 1866, Agardh 1870, Trelease 1897, Schmidt 1931, Ardré et al. 1974, Fralick and Hehre 1990, Neto et al. 1991, Morton and Britton 2000, Amen et al. 2005, Wallenstein and Neto 2006, Tittley et al. 2009, Wallenstein et al. 2009a, Wallenstein et al. 2010, Botelho et al. 2010, Torres et al. 2010, León-Cisneros et al. 2011, Martins et al. 2014, Micael et al. 2014, Rebelo et al. 2014, Ávila et al. 2015, Ávila et al. 2016, Machín-Sánchez et al. 2016, Uchman et al. 2016, Johnson et al. 2017, Parente et al. 2018). Nevertheless, the Island macroalgal flora is not well-known as published information reflects limited collections obtained in short term visits by scientists. To overcome this, a thorough investigation, encompassing collections and presence data recording, was undertaken at both the littoral and sublittoral levels down to a depth of approximately 40 m, covering an area of approximately 64 km2. The resultant taxonomic records are listed in the present paper which also provides information on species ecology and occurrence around the Island, improving, thereby, the knowledge of the Azorean macroalgal flora at both local and regional scales.A total of 2329 specimens (including some taxa identified only to genus level) belonging to 261 taxa of macroalgae are registered, comprising 152 Rhodophyta, 43 Chlorophyta and 66 Ochrophyta (Phaeophyceae). Of these, 176 were identified to species level (103 Rhodophyta, 29 Chlorophyta and 44 Ochrophyta), encompassing 52 new records for the Island (30 Rhodophyta, 9 Chlorophyta and 13 Ochrophyta), 2 Macaronesian endemisms (Laurencia viridis Gil-Rodríguez & Haroun; and Millerella tinerfensis (Seoane-Camba) S.M.Boo & J.M.Rico), 11 introduced (the Rhodophyta Acrothamnion preissii (Sonder) E.M.Wollaston, Antithamnion hubbsii E.Y.Dawson, Asparagopsis armata Harvey, Asparagopsis armata Harvey phase Falkenbergia rufolanosa (Harvey) F.Schmitz, Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot, Melanothamnus harveyi (Bailey) Díaz-Tapia & Maggs, Scinaia acuta M.J.Wynne and Symphyocladia marchantioides (Harvey) Falkenberg; the Chlorophyta Codium fragile subsp. fragile (Suringar) Hariot; and the Ochrophyta Hydroclathrus tilesii (Endlicher) Santiañez & M.J.Wynne, and Papenfussiella kuromo (Yendo) Inagaki), and 19 species of uncertain status (11 Rhodophyta, 3 Chlorophyta and 5 Ochrophyta).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ROMERO2021105914,

title = {Tunas off northwest Africa: The epipelagic diet of The Bigeye and Skipjack tunas},

author = {Joana Romero and Paulo Catry and Margarida Hermida and Verónica Neves and Bárbara Cavaleiro and Lídia Gouveia and José Pedro Granadeiro},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165783621000424},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2021.105914},

issn = {0165-7836},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Fisheries Research},

volume = {238},

pages = {105914},

abstract = {Tunas are among the most exploited top predators worldwide, with negative impacts on some of their stocks. Changes in their population abundance can impact marine food-webs and have the potential to alter entire ecosystems. To better understand the impacts of the exploitation of tuna stocks in the most critical habitats, basic knowledge on the diet of these species in each region is required. Here, we describe the diet of the two most fished tuna species in the archipelago of Madeira, the Bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus and the Skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis, based on stomach contents analysis. To gain further insights into the diet, and also better assess the possible bias caused by the occurrence of live bait in stomachs, we compared tuna mercury values with those of two other predators with similar diets that are not directly targeted by fisheries, and with Bigeye and Skipjack tunas from other ocean basins. Bigeye tunas fed mostly on Atlantic chub mackerel Scomber colias and mackerel Trachurus sp., which together contributed with 85% of total prey weight. Only 7.5% of prey weight was constituted by mesopelagic prey, including myctophids and cephalopods. Skipjack tunas had an epipelagic diet (NF = 97%), with the Atlantic chub mackerel representing half of the total prey weight, despite Longspine snipefish Macroramphosus scolopax and Sand smelt Atherina sp. accounting for 62.9% of the total number of prey. There were interannual variations in diet likely linked to interannual pelagic community shifts. Bait did not bias the results of the stomach analysis of these tunas and bait species were observed to be part of the natural diet of both tuna species. Baseline data provided by this study should allow for more informed decisions for an efficient ecosystem-based fisheries management.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RAMALHOSA2021101672,

title = {Ascidian biodiversity in the shallow waters of the Madeira Archipelago: Fouling studies on artificial substrates and new records},

author = {Patrício Ramalhosa and Ignacio Gestoso and Rosana M. Rocha and Gretchen Lambert and João Canning-Clode},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352485521000645},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2021.101672},

issn = {2352-4855},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Regional Studies in Marine Science},

volume = {43},

pages = {101672},

abstract = {Ascidians are recognized as major invaders on a global scale, found from the poles to the tropics and from shallow to deep sea waters with approximately 3000 known described species worldwide. However, to date only a few opportunistic studies focusing on the ascidian diversity colonizing natural and artificial substrates have been conducted in the Madeira Archipelago (NE Atlantic). Furthermore, little is known about the community composition and distribution of native and non-indigenous ascidians in the islands of the archipelago. In this context, we conducted a 3-phase study that allowed us to report an updated list of ascidian records found on artificial substrates in the Madeira Archipelago. First, to assess ascidian biodiversity colonizing artificial substrates present in the Madeira Archipelago, we conducted standardized monitoring campaigns in four marinas and hull vessel surveys during dry dock inspections. Second, we complemented this inventory with a comprehensive literature search and Museum collection focused on ascidians colonizing both artificial and natural substrates. Third, we investigated the temporal and spatial variability on the recruitment and succession of young vs mature ascidian assemblages. We found 24 ascidian species in all four marinas, from which 13 are NIS and 11 are new records for Madeira Archipelago. In addition, a literature survey found a total of 27 ascidians occurring on both artificial and natural substrates. This study now reveals a total of 39 ascidian species colonizing both artificial and natural substrates and comprises the most up-to-date list for all shallow-water ascidians in the Madeira Archipelago. A total of 15 NIS are now currently known, 9 exclusively from Madeira Island, 1 exclusively from Porto Santo Island and 5 on the two main islands of the archipelago. This study also shows that the spatial and temporal variability of fouling ascidian assemblages are driven by recruitment and succession of NIS rather than by presence of native species. Finally, total ascidian richness and cover was significantly higher in 4-month-old communities than in 8 to 16-month-old communities across all marinas, suggesting that “bare” artificial substrates are the main drivers of NIS success in the region.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3356/0892-1016-55.1.127,

title = {Food Habits of the Macaronesian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus granti) on Madeira},

author = {Yolanda González and Sandra Hervías-Parejo and Estefanía Pereira and Antonio Vulcano and Soledad Álvarez and Cátia Gouveia and Marta Nunes and Laura Castelló and Isabel Fagundes and Nádia Coelho and Guillermo Delgado and Manuel Nogales},

url = {https://doi.org/10.3356/0892-1016-55.1.127},

doi = {10.3356/0892-1016-55.1.127},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Raptor Research},

volume = {55},

number = {1},

pages = {127 -- 129},

publisher = {Raptor Research Foundation},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1111/mam.12238,

title = {Trends in cetacean research in the Eastern North Atlantic},

author = {Bárbara Cartagena-Matos and Klervi Lugué and Paulo Fonseca and Tiago A. Marques and Rui Prieto and Filipe Alves},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/mam.12238},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/mam.12238},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Mammal Review},

volume = {51},

number = {3},

pages = {436-453},

abstract = {Abstract Cetaceans are considered ecosystem engineers and useful bioindicators of the health of marine environments. The Eastern North Atlantic is an area of great geographical and oceanographic complexity that favours ecosystem richness and, consequently, cetacean occurrence. Although this occurrence has led to relevant scientific research on this taxon, information on the composition of this research has not been assessed. We aimed to describe and quantify the evolution of research on cetaceans in the Eastern North Atlantic, highlighting the main focal areas and trends. We considered 380 peer-reviewed publications between 1900 and 2018. For each paper, we collected publication year, research topics and regions, and species studied. We assessed differences among regions with distinct socio-economic landscapes, and between coastal and oceanic habitats. To evaluate the changes in scientific production over time, we fitted a General Additive Model to the time series of numbers of papers. Although research in this region has been increasing, the results show relatively little research output in North African and coastal regions within the study area. Moreover, except for four studies, research was restricted to a few miles around the coast of the main islands, leaving offshore regions less well surveyed. There was little research on genetics, acoustics, and behaviour. Most papers were focused on the Azores and Canary Islands, and mostly involved Tursiops truncatus, Delphinus delphis, and Physeter macrocephalus. Species considered Endangered or Near Threatened were the subjects of only 10% of the studies. We suggest a greater research focus on beaked whales (Ziphiidae) in Macaronesia, as well as collaborative efforts between research teams in the region, by sharing data sets, and aiming to produce long-term research. Moreover, a Delphi method approach, based on questionnaires answered by experts, could be attempted to identify priority research for cetaceans in these areas.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{CASTRO2021101643,

title = {Catches, sales and discards: Small-scale fisheries in a Portuguese Marine park},

author = {Nuno Castro and Filipe Romão and João J. Castro and Tadeu José Pereira and Sílvia Pedro and Vera Viegas and José Lino Costa},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352485521000359},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2021.101643},

issn = {2352-4855},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Regional Studies in Marine Science},

volume = {42},

pages = {101643},

abstract = {The natural park “Parque Natural do Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina” (PNSACV; SW coast of continental Portugal) includes a recently implemented marine protected area of 2 km along its coast, where important, although not quantified, small-scale commercial fisheries are carried out. Conservation measures were implemented since 2011. The present study aimed to estimate the fishing effort, catches, discards and seasonality of the small commercial fleet in the northern part of PNSACV. A total of 32 fishing vessels were selected and their activity was monitored between 2011 and 2013. Fortnight interviews were made to the captains of those vessels (n= 435) together with on board observations (n= 89). The data obtained allowed to estimate a total of 100 commercial fishing vessels operating in the study area. Longlines, bottom-traps and gill/trammel nets were the most frequent fishing gears used. Over the studied period, fishing effort was more intense in the warmer season, from April to September. It was estimated that the annual fish and shellfish catches in the study area reached about 564 t, including 465 t of sales and 99 t of discards. Main species caught were Octopus vulgaris (65%), Conger conger (12%), Argyrosomus regius (2%) and Diplodus sargus (1%). Main species discarded were O. vulgaris (45%) and C. conger (39%), mainly due to its small size. The present pioneer work will serve as a benchmark for future studies concerning the evolution of the PNSACV and phenomena reflecting the implementation of the MPAs. Further studies should be conducted to implement legislation adjustments to improve fisheries management in PNSACV.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{MARTINS2021142044,

title = {Ervilia castanea (Mollusca, Bivalvia) populations adversely affected at CO2 seeps in the North Atlantic},

author = {Marta Martins and Marina Carreiro-Silva and Gustavo M. Martins and Joana Barcelos Ramos and Fátima Viveiros and Ruben P. Couto and Hugo Parra and João G. Monteiro and Francesca Gallo and Catarina Silva and Alexandra Teodósio and Katja Guilini and Jason M. Hall-Spencer and Francisco Leitão and Luís Chícharo and Pedro Range},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972035573X},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142044},

issn = {0048-9697},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Science of The Total Environment},

volume = {754},

pages = {142044},

abstract = {Sites with naturally high CO2 conditions provide unique opportunities to forecast the vulnerability of coastal ecosystems to ocean acidification, by studying the biological responses and potential adaptations to this increased environmental variability. In this study, we investigated the bivalve Ervilia castanea in coastal sandy sediments at reference sites and at volcanic CO2 seeps off the Azores, where the pH of bottom waters ranged from average oceanic levels of 8.2, along gradients, down to 6.81, in carbonated seawater at the seeps. The bivalve population structure changed markedly at the seeps. Large individuals became less abundant as seawater CO2 levels rose and were completely absent from the most acidified sites. In contrast, small bivalves were most abundant at the CO2 seeps. We propose that larvae can settle and initially live in high abundances under elevated CO2 levels, but that high rates of post-settlement dispersal and/or mortality occur. Ervilia castanea were susceptible to elevated CO2 levels and these effects were consistently associated with lower food supplies. This raises concerns about the effects of ocean acidification on the brood stock of this species and other bivalve molluscs with similar life history traits.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{REIS2021105854,

title = {Artificial reefs in the North –East Atlantic area: Present situation, knowledge gaps and future perspectives},

author = {Bianca Reis and Pieter Linden and Isabel Sousa Pinto and Emanuel Almada and Maria Teresa Borges and Alice E. Hall and Rick Stafford and Roger J. H. Herbert and Jorge Lobo-Arteaga and Maria José Gaudêncio and Miriam Tuaty-Guerra and Océane Ly and Valentin Georges and Mariane Audo and Nassim Sebaibi and Mohamed Boutouil and Elena Blanco-Fernandez and João N. Franco},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569121003379},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105854},

issn = {0964-5691},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Ocean & Coastal Management},

volume = {213},

pages = {105854},

abstract = {Artificial reefs have been deployed in multiple regions of the world for different purposes including habitat restoration and protection, biodiversity and fish stock enhancement, fisheries management and recreation. Artificial reefs can be a valuable tool for ecosystem protection and rehabilitation, helping mitigate the effects of anthropogenic impacts that we face today. However, knowledge on artificial reefs is unevenly distributed worldwide, with some regions having much more quality information available and published (e.g. European Mediterranean Sea area), while others, for instance the North-East Atlantic area, do not. Here, we provide a characterization of purposely built artificial reefs in North-East Atlantic area based on all available literature (i.e. research papers and reports), highlighting the needs and gaps that are vital for establishing future perspectives for artificial reef deployment and research. In the North-East Atlantic area, sixty-one purposely built artificial reefs have been deployed since 1970, mostly between the years 1990–2009, with Spain being the country with the highest number of artificial reefs. The most reported purpose for their deployment is fisheries productivity and habitat/species protection, although, most artificial reefs are multipurpose in order to maximise the benefits of a given financial investment. The majority of artificial reefs were submerged at < 50 m, mainly between 10 and 20 m of depth. The most used designs were cubic blocks and complex designs made by an array of combined shapes, which mostly consist of concrete (79%). From all the analysed data on artificial reefs, 67% of the cases reported surveys to assess biodiversity after the deployment. However, in 26% of those cases, data was not available. When data was available, only 31% of cases reported long-term biomonitoring surveys (3 years or more). Based upon these findings, we noticed a general lack of scientifically robust data, including records of species and abundance of both fish and invertebrates, as well as macroalgae, preventing an adequate determination of the best balance between shape, construction material and bio-colonization. Critiques and suggestions are discussed in the light of currently available data in order to perform more efficient research, evaluation and functioning of future artificial reefs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13213,

title = {Consistency of aquatic enclosed experiments: The importance of scale and ecological complexity},

author = {Filipa Paiva and Dennis Brennecke and Christian Pansch and Elizabeta Briski},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ddi.13213},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13213},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Diversity and Distributions},

volume = {27},

number = {3},

pages = {524-532},

abstract = {Abstract Aim Marine and freshwater ecosystems are increasingly threatened by human activities. For over a century, scientists have been testing many biological, chemical and physical questions to understand various ecosystems and their resilience to different stressors. While the majority of experiments were conducted at small-scale laboratory settings, lately large mesocosm experiments have become more and more common. Yet, it still remains unclear how the scale (i.e. space) and ecological complexity (i.e. community versus limited number of species) of experiments affect the results and to what extent different experimental types are comparable. Innovation Here, we conducted two types of experiments, run at different scale and ecological-complexity levels (i.e. outdoor large-scale community-level mesocosm versus indoor small-scale two-species laboratory experiment), to assess the effects of marine heatwaves on two gammarid species. Main Conclusions Our approach detected differences in abundance and relative population growth between the two experimental types for one out of the two tested species, but no difference in heatwave impacts on any of the species, independently of which experimental type was used. The larger space in the mesocosm, accompanied with inclusion of the community, benefited this species, demonstrating stronger performance in the mesocosm than in the laboratory experiment. Though, our study design cannot directly distinguish if scale or ecological complexity of the experiments, or both, caused the observed discrepancy in our findings. Furthermore, inconsistency in results among laboratory experiments complicates the extrapolations and generalization of the laboratory results. Yet, our findings indicate the importance of space, density-dependent effects, biotic interactions and complexity of natural environments in buffering, or boosting, the direct effects of environmental stress on organisms. Therefore, we urge the use of large-scale community-level mesocosm experiments instead of small-scale single-species laboratory ones whenever possible, and emphasize a necessity of great caution when interpreting the results of laboratory experiments.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{VALENTE20211064,

title = {Convergent Cortistatin losses parallel modifications in circadian rhythmicity and energy homeostasis in Cetacea and other mammalian lineages},

author = {Raul Valente and Luís Q. Alves and Matilde Nabais and Filipe Alves and Isabel Sousa-Pinto and Raquel Ruivo and L. Filipe C. Castro},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0888754320319996},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.11.002},

issn = {0888-7543},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Genomics},

volume = {113},

number = {1, Part 2},

pages = {1064-1070},

abstract = {The ancestors of Cetacea underwent profound morpho-physiological alterations. By displaying an exclusive aquatic existence, cetaceans evolved unique patterns of locomotor activity, vigilant behaviour, thermoregulation and circadian rhythmicity. Deciphering the molecular landscape governing many of these adaptations is key to understand the evolution of phenotypes. Here, we investigate Cortistatin (CORT), a neuropeptide displaying an important role in mammalian biorhythm regulation. This neuropeptide is a known neuroendocrine factor, stimulating slow-wave sleep, but also involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and hypomotility inducement. We assessed the functional status of CORT in 359 mammalian genomes (25 orders), including 30 species of Cetacea. Our findings indicate that cetaceans and other mammals with atypical biorhythms, thermal constraints and/or energy metabolism, have accumulated deleterious mutations in CORT. In light of the pleiotropic action of this neuropeptide, we suggest that this inactivation contributed to a plethora of phenotypic adjustments to accommodate adaptive solutions to specific ecological niches.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{COPP2021104900,

title = {Speaking their language – Development of a multilingual decision-support tool for communicating invasive species risks to decision makers and stakeholders},

author = {Gordon H. Copp and Lorenzo Vilizzi and Hui Wei and Shan Li and Marina Piria and Abbas J. Al-Faisal and David Almeida and Usman Atique and Zainab Al-Wazzan and Rigers Bakiu and Tea Bašić and Thuyet D. Bui and João Canning-Clode and Nuno Castro and Ratcha Chaichana and Tülin Çoker and Dimitriy Dashinov and F. Güler Ekmekçi and Tibor Erős and Árpád Ferincz and Teresa Ferreira and Daniela Giannetto and Allan S. Gilles and Łukasz Głowacki and Philippe Goulletquer and Elena Interesova and Sonia Iqbal and Katarína Jakubčinová and Kamalaporn Kanongdate and Jeong-Eun Kim and Oldřich Kopecký and Vasil Kostov and Nicholas Koutsikos and Sebastian Kozic and Petra Kristan and Yoshihisa Kurita and Hwang-Goo Lee and Rob S. E. W. Leuven and Tatsiana Lipinskaya and Juliane Lukas and Agnese Marchini and Ana Isabel González Martínez and Laurence Masson and Daniyar Memedemin and Seyed Daryoush Moghaddas and João G. Monteiro and Levan Mumladze and Rahmat Naddafi and Ion Năvodaru and Karin H. Olsson and Norio Onikura and Daniele Paganelli and Richard Thomas Pavia and Costas Perdikaris and Renanel Pickholtz and Dariusz Pietraszewski and Meta Povž and Cristina Preda and Milica Ristovska and Karin Rosíková and José Maria Santos and Vitaliy Semenchenko and Wansuk Senanan and Predrag Simonović and Evangelia Smeti and Barbora Števove and Kristína Švolíková and Kieu Anh T. Ta and Ali Serhan Tarkan and Nildeniz Top and Elena Tricarico and Eliza Uzunova and Leonidas Vardakas and Hugo Verreycken and Grzegorz Zięba and Roberto Mendoza},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815220309579},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104900},

issn = {1364-8152},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Modelling & Software},

volume = {135},

pages = {104900},

abstract = {Environmental changes due to non-native species introductions and translocations are a global concern. Whilst understanding the causes of bioinvasions is important, there is need for decision-support tools that facilitate effective communication of the potential risks of invasive non-native species to stakeholders. Decision-support tools have been developed mostly in English language only, which increases linguistic uncertainty associated with risk assessments undertaken by assessors not of English mother tongue and who need to communicate outcomes to local stakeholders. To reduce language-based uncertainty, the ‘ecology-of-language’ paradigm was applied when developing the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit (AS-ISK), a decision-support tool that offers 32 languages in which to carry out screenings and communicate outcomes to stakeholders. Topics discussed include uncertainty related to language-specific issues encountered during the AS-ISK translation and the potential benefits of a multilingual decision-support tool for reducing linguistic uncertainty and enhancing communication between scientists, environmental managers, and policy and decision makers.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{SCHAFER2021101575,

title = {Lost and found: A new hope for the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa in the marine ecosystem of a subtropical Atlantic Island},

author = {Susanne Schäfer and João G. Monteiro and Nuno Castro and Francesca Gizzi and Filipe Henriques and Patrício Ramalhosa and Manuela Isabel Parente and Gil Rilov and Ignacio Gestoso and João Canning-Clode},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352485520307039},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101575},

issn = {2352-4855},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Regional Studies in Marine Science},

volume = {41},

pages = {101575},

abstract = {Seagrass meadows are globally recognized as important coastal habitats due to the various ecological functions and ecosystem services they provide. Substantial global decline of seagrass habitats has been recorded over the last decades, underlining the need for extensive studies, including monitoring and mapping these habitats across their distributional range. Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Ascherson is the only seagrass species reported in the archipelago of Madeira (NE Atlantic) and systematic or reliable information of its occurrence is very scarce and mostly anecdotal. This study reports the discovery of a yearly-persistent patch of C. nodosa in the southeast coast of Madeira and provides insights into key ecological and biological aspects (e.g. density, leaf length, associated fauna and flora). Seasonal monitoring surveys over a 3-year period, indicate that (1) the patch has increased in size and shoot density over the study period, and (2) leaf lengths follow a typical seasonal pattern over the year. Accounts of past destruction of seagrass meadows in the island, underline the importance of continuous monitoring of the patch and adjacent areas to reveal how the current seagrass patch develops (i.e. patch continuity and/or disappearance), if it integrates a larger meadow and whether anthropogenic pressures as coastal development and/or associated terrigenous sediment runoff events will affect its resilience.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13213b,

title = {Consistency of aquatic enclosed experiments: The importance of scale and ecological complexity},

author = {Filipa Paiva and Dennis Brennecke and Christian Pansch and Elizabeta Briski},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ddi.13213},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13213},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Diversity and Distributions},

volume = {27},

number = {3},

pages = {524-532},

abstract = {Abstract Aim Marine and freshwater ecosystems are increasingly threatened by human activities. For over a century, scientists have been testing many biological, chemical and physical questions to understand various ecosystems and their resilience to different stressors. While the majority of experiments were conducted at small-scale laboratory settings, lately large mesocosm experiments have become more and more common. Yet, it still remains unclear how the scale (i.e. space) and ecological complexity (i.e. community versus limited number of species) of experiments affect the results and to what extent different experimental types are comparable. Innovation Here, we conducted two types of experiments, run at different scale and ecological-complexity levels (i.e. outdoor large-scale community-level mesocosm versus indoor small-scale two-species laboratory experiment), to assess the effects of marine heatwaves on two gammarid species. Main Conclusions Our approach detected differences in abundance and relative population growth between the two experimental types for one out of the two tested species, but no difference in heatwave impacts on any of the species, independently of which experimental type was used. The larger space in the mesocosm, accompanied with inclusion of the community, benefited this species, demonstrating stronger performance in the mesocosm than in the laboratory experiment. Though, our study design cannot directly distinguish if scale or ecological complexity of the experiments, or both, caused the observed discrepancy in our findings. Furthermore, inconsistency in results among laboratory experiments complicates the extrapolations and generalization of the laboratory results. Yet, our findings indicate the importance of space, density-dependent effects, biotic interactions and complexity of natural environments in buffering, or boosting, the direct effects of environmental stress on organisms. Therefore, we urge the use of large-scale community-level mesocosm experiments instead of small-scale single-species laboratory ones whenever possible, and emphasize a necessity of great caution when interpreting the results of laboratory experiments.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{jmse9101121,

title = {Non-Indigenous Species on Artificial Coastal Environments: Experimental Comparison between Aquaculture Farms and Recreational Marinas},

author = {Lydia Png-Gonzalez and Patrício Ramalhosa and Ignacio Gestoso and Soledad Álvarez and Natacha Nogueira},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/10/1121},

doi = {10.3390/jmse9101121},

issn = {2077-1312},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Marine Science and Engineering},

volume = {9},

number = {10},

abstract = {Globally, there is growing concern regarding the effects of the increasing anthropogenic pressures in marine communities. Artificial structures such as marinas and aquaculture facilities serve as invasion hotspots; hence, monitoring fouling communities on these structures can be valuable for detecting new invasions. In the current study, 24 settlement PVC plates were deployed for three months to compare the recruitment ability of these two artificial environments along the south coast of the offshore island of Madeira (NE Atlantic). The results showed higher variations in the species richness between regions (SW vs. SE) than between artificial habitats (sea-cages vs. marinas), although the community composition differed. Cnidaria and Bryozoa were the most representative groups in the aquaculture systems, while Bryozoa and Chordata were in the marinas. A sum of 18 NIS was recorded for the study, accounting for between 21.88% and 54.84% of the total number of species in the aquaculture facilities and marinas, respectively. The higher NIS percentage from the marinas was even more explicit in the SE coast, where Cradoscrupocellaria bertholletii, Parasmittina alba, and Botrylloides niger distinctly dominated fouling populations. The results suggest that at least some particular NIS previously reported in the studied marinas successfully colonized sea-cages. Future assessments need to address the potential role of aquaculture facilities as drivers for the secondary spread of NIS. Additionally, two new records are considered for Madeira: Eudendrium capillare and Ericthonius punctatus.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{d13110573,

title = {Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Polyps and Ephyrae of Aurelia solida (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)},

author = {Susanne Schäfer and Sonia K. M. Gueroun and Carlos Andrade and João Canning-Clode},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/11/573},

doi = {10.3390/d13110573},

issn = {1424-2818},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Diversity},

volume = {13},

number = {11},

abstract = {Jellyfish outbreaks are conspicuous natural events in marine ecosystems that have a substantial impact on the structure and dynamics of marine ecosystems and different economic sectors of human activities. Understanding the life cycle strategies of jellyfish species is therefore critical to mitigate the impacts these organisms may have. In this context, the present study investigated the effect of different temperature and salinity regimes on the rearing success of the jellyfish Aurelia solida in microcosm experiments on two different life stages: polyps and ephyrae. Polyps showed high survival rates across the different conditions (except at 28 °C/20 psu) and reproduced asexually in all combinations, with the highest budding activity at 20 °C and 30 psu. Strobilation occurred mainly at 16 °C and 35 psu. Although ephyra survival was highest at low salinities (20 psu) and lower temperatures (10 and 15 °C), the highest growth rates were reached at intermediate temperatures (20 °C). The comparison to other Aurelia species underlines the differences between even closely related species. Given the high tolerance capacity that A. solida presented in the experiments, the species has the potential to cope well under current climate change scenarios and possibly adapt successfully to other regions and ecosystems.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{su132212445,

title = {Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice},

author = {Dori Edelist and Dror L. Angel and João Canning-Clode and Sonia K. M. Gueroun and Nicole Aberle and Jamileh Javidpour and Carlos Andrade},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12445},

doi = {10.3390/su132212445},

issn = {2071-1050},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Sustainability},

volume = {13},

number = {22},

abstract = {Jellyfish are often described as a nuisance species, but as our understanding shifts to more ecosystem-based conceptions, they are also recognized as both important components of marine ecosystems and a resource for humans. Here, we describe global jellyfish fisheries and review production, fishing methods, and applications based on the existing literature. We then focus on future development of a European jellyfish fishery based on current and recent EU research initiatives. Jellyfish have been a staple food in East Asia for eons and now show a potential for non-food applications as well. The main fishing methods are mostly traditional, with set-nets, driftnets, hand-nets, and scoop-nets utilizing small crafts or beach-seines. All require a lot of manual labor, thus providing vital, albeit seasonal, occupation to weaker populations. Larger commercial vessels such as purse seines and trawlers are newly introduced métiers which may enable a larger catch per unit effort and total catch, but pose questions of selectivity, bycatch, vessel stability, and transshipment. Social concerns arising from the seasonality of jellyfish fisheries must be met in SE Asia, Latin America, and in any location where new fisheries are established. In the EU, we recognize at least 15 species showing potential for commercial harvesting, but as of 2021, a commercial fishery has yet to be developed; as in finfish fisheries, we advise caution and recognition of the role of jellyfish in marine ecosystems in doing so. Sustainable harvesting techniques and practices must be developed and implemented for a viable practice to emerge, and social and ecological needs must also be incorporated into the management plan. Once established, the catch, effort, and stock status must be monitored, regulated, and properly reported to FAO by countries seeking a viable jellyfish fishery. In the near future, novel applications for jellyfish will offer added value and new markets for this traditional resource.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.1093/icesjms/fsab237,

title = {A policy-based framework for the determination of management options to protect vulnerable marine ecosystems under the EU deep-sea access regulations},

author = {P Daniël van Denderen and Helen Holah and Laura M Robson and Jan Geert Hiddink and Lénaick Menot and Debbi Pedreschi and Georgios Kazanidis and Marcos Llope and Phillip J Turner and David Stirling and F Javier Murillo and Andrew Kenny and Neil Campbell and A Louise Allcock and Andreia Braga-Henriques and Jose M González-Irusta and Graham Johnston and Covadonga Orejas and Alberto Serrano and Joana R Xavier and Peter Hopkins and Ellen Kenchington and Eugene Nixon and Sebastian Valanko},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab237},

doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsab237},

issn = {1054-3139},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science},

volume = {79},

number = {1},

pages = {34-49},

abstract = {Vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) are particularly susceptible to bottom-fishing activity as they are easily disturbed and slow to recover. A data-driven approach was developed to provide management options for the protection of VMEs under the European Union “deep-sea access regulations.” A total of two options within two scenarios were developed. The first scenario defined VME closure areas without consideration of fishing activity. Option 1 proposed closures for the protection of VME habitats and likely habitat, while Option 2 also included areas where four types of VME geophysical elements were present. The second scenario additionally considered fishing. This scenario used VME biomass—fishing intensity relationships to identify a threshold where effort of mobile bottom-contact gears was low and unlikely to have caused significant adverse impacts. Achieving a high level of VME protection requires the creation of many closures (> 100), made up of many small (∼50 km2) and fewer larger closures (> 1000 km2). The greatest protection of VMEs will affect approximately 9% of the mobile fleet fishing effort, while closure scenarios that avoid highly fished areas reduce this to around 4–6%. The framework allows managers to choose the level of risk-aversion they wish to apply in protecting VMEs by comparing alternative strategies.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3389/fmars.2021.737886,

title = {Interspecific Analysis of Sea Urchin Adhesive Composition Emphasizes Variability of Glycans Conjugated With Putative Adhesive Proteins},

author = {Lisa Gaspar and Patrick Flammang and Ricardo José and Ricardo Luis and Patrício Ramalhosa and João G. Monteiro and Natacha Nogueira and João Canning-Clode and Romana Santos},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.737886},

doi = {10.3389/fmars.2021.737886},

issn = {2296-7745},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},

volume = {8},

abstract = {Sea urchins possess specialized adhesive organs, tube feet. Although initially believed to function as suckers, it is currently accepted that they rely on adhesive and de-adhesive secretions to attach and detach repeatedly from the substrate. Given the biotechnological potential of their strong reversible adhesive, sea urchins are under investigation to identify the protein and glycan molecules responsible for its surface coupling, cohesion and polymerization properties. However, this characterization has only focused on a single species, Paracentrotus lividus. To provide a broader insight into sea urchins adhesion, a comparative study was performed using four species belonging to different taxa and habitats: Diadema africanum, Arbacia lixula, Paracentrotus lividus and Sphaerechinus granularis. Their tube feet external morphology and histology was studied, together with the ultrastructure of their adhesive secretory granules. In addition, one antibody and five lectins were used on tube foot histological sections and extracts, and on adhesive footprints to detect the presence of adhesion-related (glyco)proteins like those present in P. lividus in other species. Results confirmed that the antibody raised against P. lividus Nectin labels the adhesive organs and footprints in all species. This result was further confirmed by a bioinformatic analysis of Nectin-like sequences in ten additional species, increasing the comparison to seven families and three orders. The five tested lectins (GSL II, WGA, STL, LEL, and SBA) demonstrated that there is high interspecific variability of the glycans involved in sea urchin adhesion. However, there seems to be more conservation among taxonomically closer species, like P. lividus and S. granularis. In these species, lectin histochemistry and lectin blots indicated the presence of high molecular weight putative adhesive glycoproteins bearing N-acetylglucosamine residues in the form of chitobiose in the adhesive epidermis and footprints. Our results emphasize a high selective pressure for conservation of functional domains in large putative cohesive proteins and highlight the importance of glycosylation in sea urchin adhesion with indications of taxonomy-related conservation of the conjugated glycans.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{d13120639,

title = {A New Signal of Tropicalization in the Northeast Atlantic: The Spread of the Spotfin Burrfish Chilomycterus reticulatus in Madeira Archipelago and Its Invasion Risk},

author = {Nuno Castro and Susanne Schäfer and Paola Parretti and João G. Monteiro and Francesca Gizzi and Sahar Chebaane and Emanuel Almada and Filipe Henriques and Mafalda Freitas and Nuno Vasco-Rodrigues and Rodrigo Silva and Marko Radeta and Rúben Freitas and João Canning-Clode},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/12/639},

doi = {10.3390/d13120639},

issn = {1424-2818},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Diversity},

volume = {13},

number = {12},

abstract = {Current trends in the global climate facilitate the displacement of numerous marine species from their native distribution ranges to higher latitudes when facing warming conditions. In this work, we analyzed occurrences of a circumtropical reef fish, the spotfin burrfish, Chilomycterus reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1958), in the Madeira Archipelago (NE Atlantic) between 1898 and 2021. In addition to available data sources, we performed an online survey to assess the distribution and presence of this species in the Madeira Archipelago, along with other relevant information, such as size class and year of the first sighting. In total, 28 valid participants responded to the online survey, georeferencing 119 C. reticulatus sightings and confirming its presence in all archipelago islands. The invasiveness of the species was screened using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. Five assessments rated the fish as being of medium risk of establishing a local population and becoming invasive. Current temperature trends might have facilitated multiple sightings of this thermophilic species in the Madeira Archipelago. The present study indicates an increase in C. reticulatus sightings in the region. This underlines the need for updated comprehensive information on species diversity and distribution to support informed management and decisions. The spread of yet another thermophilic species in Madeiran waters provides further evidence of an ongoing tropicalization, emphasizing the need for monitoring programs and the potential of citizen science in complementing such programs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{md19110621,

title = {Complete Genome Sequence of Two Deep-Sea Streptomyces Isolates from Madeira Archipelago and Evaluation of Their Biosynthetic Potential},

author = {Pedro Albuquerque and Inês Ribeiro and Sofia Correia and Ana Paula Mucha and Paula Tamagnini and Andreia Braga-Henriques and Maria de Fátima Carvalho and Marta V. Mendes},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/19/11/621},

doi = {10.3390/md19110621},

issn = {1660-3397},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Marine Drugs},

volume = {19},

number = {11},

abstract = {The deep-sea constitutes a true unexplored frontier and a potential source of innovative drug scaffolds. Here, we present the genome sequence of two novel marine actinobacterial strains, MA3_2.13 and S07_1.15, isolated from deep-sea samples (sediments and sponge) and collected at Madeira archipelago (NE Atlantic Ocean; Portugal). The de novo assembly of both genomes was achieved using a hybrid strategy that combines short-reads (Illumina) and long-reads (PacBio) sequencing data. Phylogenetic analyses showed that strain MA3_2.13 is a new species of the Streptomyces genus, whereas strain S07_1.15 is closely related to the type strain of Streptomyces xinghaiensis. In silico analysis revealed that the total length of predicted biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) accounted for a high percentage of the MA3_2.13 genome, with several potential new metabolites identified. Strain S07_1.15 had, with a few exceptions, a predicted metabolic profile similar to S. xinghaiensis. In this work, we implemented a straightforward approach for generating high-quality genomes of new bacterial isolates and analyse in silico their potential to produce novel NPs. The inclusion of these in silico dereplication steps allows to minimize the rediscovery rates of traditional natural products screening methodologies and expedite the drug discovery process.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3389/fmars.2021.735741,

title = {First Assessment of the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Global Marine Recreational Fisheries},

author = {Pablo Pita and Gillian B. Ainsworth and Bernardino Alba and Antônio B. Anderson and Manel Antelo and Josep Alós and Iñaki Artetxe and Jérôme Baudrier and José J. Castro and Belén Chicharro and Karim Erzini and Keno Ferter and Mafalda Freitas and Laura García-de-la-Fuente and José A. García-Charton and María Giménez-Casalduero and Antoni M. Grau and Hugo Diogo and Ana Gordoa and Filipe Henriques and Kieran Hyder and David Jiménez-Alvarado and Paraskevi K. Karachle and Josep Lloret and Martin Laporta and Adam M. Lejk and Arnau L. Dedeu and Pablo Martín-Sosa and Lllibori Martínez and Antoni M. Mira and Beatriz Morales-Nin and Estanis Mugerza and Hans J. Olesen and Anastasios Papadopoulos and João Pontes and José J. Pascual-Fernández and Ariadna Purroy and Milena Ramires and Mafalda Rangel and José Amorim Reis-Filho and Jose L. Sánchez-Lizaso and Virginia Sandoval and Valerio Sbragaglia and Luis Silva and Christian Skov and Iván Sola and Harry V. Strehlow and María A. Torres and Didzis Ustups and Tessa Hammen and Pedro Veiga and Leonardo A. Venerus and Thomas Verleye and Sebastián Villasante and Marc Simon Weltersbach and Lucía Zarauz},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.735741},

doi = {10.3389/fmars.2021.735741},

issn = {2296-7745},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},

volume = {8},

abstract = {This work is the result of an international research effort to determine the main impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on marine recreational fishing. Changes were assessed on (1) access to fishing, derived from lockdowns and other mobility restrictions; (2) ecosystems, because of alterations in fishing intensity and human presence; (3) the blue economy, derived from alterations in the investments and expenses of the fishers; and (4) society, in relation to variations in fishers’ health and well-being. For this, a consultation with experts from 16 countries was carried out, as well as an international online survey aimed at recreational fishers, that included specific questions designed to capture fishers’ heterogeneity in relation to behavior, skills and know-how, and vital involvement. Fishers’ participation in the online survey (5,998 recreational fishers in 15 countries) was promoted through a marketing campaign. The sensitivity of the fishers’ clustering procedure, based on the captured heterogeneity, was evaluated by SIMPER analysis and by generalized linear models. Results from the expert consultation highlighted a worldwide reduction in marine recreational fishing activity. Lower human-driven pressures are expected to generate some benefits for marine ecosystems. However, experts also identified high negative impacts on the blue economy, as well as on fisher health and well-being because of the loss of recreational fishing opportunities. Most (98%) of the fishers who participated in the online survey were identified as advanced, showing a much higher degree of commitment to recreational fishing than basic fishers (2%). Advanced fishers were, in general, more pessimistic about the impacts of COVID-19, reporting higher reductions in physical activity and fish consumption, as well as poorer quality of night rest, foul mood, and raised more concerns about their health status. Controlled and safe access to marine recreational fisheries during pandemics would provide benefits to the health and well-being of people and reduce negative socioeconomic impacts, especially for vulnerable social groups.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3389/fmars.2021.740296,

title = {Thinking of Fish Population Discrimination: Population Average Phenotype vs. Population Phenotypes},

author = {Joana Vasconcelos and Alba Jurado-Ruzafa and José Luis Otero-Ferrer and Antoni Lombarte and Rodrigo Riera and Víctor M. Tuset},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.740296},

doi = {10.3389/fmars.2021.740296},

issn = {2296-7745},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},

volume = {8},

abstract = {The genetic polymorphism and phenotypic variation are key in ecology and evolution. The morphological variability of the contour of fish otoliths has been extensively used for the delimitation of stocks. These studies are conventionally based on average phenotype using elliptic Fourier analysis and lineal discriminant analysis as classifier. Considering new analytical options, such as the wavelet transform and non-parametric algorithms, we here analyzed the otolith shape of Trachurus picturatus (blue jack mackerel) from mainland Portugal, Madeira, and the Canaries. We explore the phenotypic variation throughout a latitudinal gradient, establish a hypothesis to explain this variability based on the reaction norms, and determine how the use of average phenotype and/or morphotypes influences in the delimitation of stocks. Four morphotypes were identified in all regions, with an increase of phenotypes in warmer waters. The findings demonstrated that stocks were clearly separated with classification rates over 90%. The use of morphotypes, revealed seasonal variations in their frequencies and per region. The presence of shared phenotypes in different proportions among fishing grounds may open new management approaches in migratory species. These results show the importance of the phenotypic diversity in fisheries management.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{su13168975,

title = {Analysis of Big Game Fishing Catches of Blue Marlin (Makaira nigricans) in the Madeira Archipelago (Eastern Atlantic) and Factors that Affect Its Presence},

author = {Roi Martinez-Escauriaza and Pablo Pita and Maria Lídia Ferreira Gouveia and Nuno Manuel Abreu Gouveia and Eduardo Teixeira and Mafalda Freitas and Margarida Hermida},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/16/8975},

doi = {10.3390/su13168975},

issn = {2071-1050},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Sustainability},

volume = {13},

number = {16},

abstract = {The archipelago of Madeira (Portugal) is one of the main European big game fishing locations, where the main target species is the blue marlin (Makaira nigricans). Catch data for these fish were used to analyze their presence over the years, estimate their average weights, and calculate annual fishing success rates. The results showed a marked seasonal effect, with higher average catch rates in summer (June–July), suggesting a migration from the equatorial waters they inhabit at the beginning of the year to northern areas when the waters become warmer. The influences of some environmental factors were analyzed using generalized additive models, and it was observed that the occurrence of blue marlin may be influenced by water temperature, wind, rain, and atmospheric pressure. This fishery did not register a high mortality rate in blue marlin specimens due to the usual practice of catch and release; individuals captured in this fishery can be used as a source of information that allows for follow-up on the status of the blue marlin population in the region.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3389/fmars.2021.674756,

title = {Restoration of Abundance and Dynamics of Coastal Fish and Lobster Within Northern Marine Protected Areas Across Two Decades},

author = {Even Moland and Albert Fernández-Chacón and Tonje Knutsen Sørdalen and David Villegas-Ríos and Susanna Huneide Thorbjørnsen and Kim Tallaksen Halvorsen and Mats Huserbråten and Esben Moland Olsen and Portia Joy Nillos Kleiven and Alf Ring Kleiven and Halvor Knutsen and Sigurd Heiberg Espeland and Carla Freitas and Jan Atle Knutsen},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.674756},

doi = {10.3389/fmars.2021.674756},

issn = {2296-7745},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},

volume = {8},

abstract = {This article reviews a suite of studies conducted in a network of coastal Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Skagerrak, Southeast Norway. In 2006, Norway’s first lobster reserves were implemented, with the aim of protecting European lobster (Homarus gammarus) through a ban on fixed gear. A before–after control-impact paired series (BACIPS) monitoring program was initiated to evaluate effects of protection on depleted lobster populations. Experimental trapping and capture-recapture techniques were combined to track demography of populations, also including movement of individuals within and beyond MPAs and adjacent control areas. Further, population genetics and parentage studies were applied, allowing for estimation of gene flow, and novel work on sexual selection in lobsters. Additional studies have evaluated MPA effects on coastal cod (Gadus morhua), and on commercially harvested labrids (Ctenolabrus rupestris and Symphodus melops) and anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta). Together, these studies reported effects of protection pertaining to increased population density, survival, body size and phenotypic diversity, changes in emigration and interaction with surrounding fisheries, and alteration of selection pressure on morphological- and behavioral traits. Designation of MPAs in close collaboration with fishers and managers, long-term monitoring, inclusion of citizen science and evolving research protocols—also including fisheries data—have revealed novel effects of protection and harvesting on marine populations, thus providing substantial contributions to conservation science. Moreover, knowledge of MPA effects on coastal species has impacted harvest regulations showing the utility of MPAs as empirically documented management tools in Norway.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3389/fmars.2021.688248,

title = {Modeling Fine-Scale Cetaceans’ Distributions in Oceanic Islands: Madeira Archipelago as a Case Study},

author = {Marc Fernandez and Filipe Alves and Rita Ferreira and Jan-Christopher Fischer and Paula Thake and Nuno Nunes and Rui Caldeira and Ana Dinis},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.688248},

doi = {10.3389/fmars.2021.688248},

issn = {2296-7745},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},

volume = {8},

abstract = {Species distributional estimates are an essential tool to improve and implement effective conservation and management measures. Nevertheless, obtaining accurate distributional estimates remains a challenge in many cases, especially when looking at the marine environment, mainly due to the species mobility and habitat dynamism. Ecosystems surrounding oceanic islands are highly dynamic and constitute a key actor on pelagic habitats, congregating biodiversity in their vicinity. The main objective of this study was to obtain accurate fine-scale spatio-temporal distributional estimates of cetaceans in oceanic islands, such as the Madeira archipelago, using a long-term opportunistically collected dataset. Ecological Niche Models (ENM) were built using cetacean occurrence data collected on-board commercial whale watching activities and environmental data from 2003 to 2018 for 10 species with a diverse range of habitat associations. Models were built using two different datasets of environmental variables with different temporal and spatial resolutions for comparison purposes. State-of-the-art techniques were used to iterate, build and evaluate the MAXENT models constructed. Models built using the long-term opportunistic dataset successfully described distribution patterns throughout the study area for the species considered. Final models were used to produce spatial grids of species average and standard deviation suitability monthly estimates. Results provide the first fine-scale (both in the temporal and spatial dimension) cetacean distributional estimates for the Madeira archipelago and reveal seasonal/annual distributional patterns, thus providing novel insights on species ecology and quantitative data to implement better dynamic management actions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{d13060274,

title = {Unfolding Jellyfish Bloom Dynamics along the Mediterranean Basin by Transnational Citizen Science Initiatives},

author = {Macarena Marambio and Antonio Canepa and Laura Lòpez and Aldo Adam Gauci and Sonia K. M. Gueroun and Serena Zampardi and Ferdinando Boero and Ons Kéfi-Daly Yahia and Mohamed Nejib Daly Yahia and Verónica Fuentes and Stefano Piraino and Alan Deidun},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/6/274},

doi = {10.3390/d13060274},

issn = {1424-2818},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Diversity},

volume = {13},

number = {6},

abstract = {Science is addressing global societal challenges, and due to limitations in research financing, scientists are turning to the public at large to jointly tackle specific environmental issues. Citizens are therefore increasingly involved in monitoring programs, appointed as citizen scientists with potential to delivering key data at near to no cost to address environmental challenges, therein fostering scientific knowledge and advising policy- and decision-makers. One of the first and most successful examples of marine citizen science in the Mediterranean is represented by the integrative and collaborative implementation of several jellyfish-spotting campaigns in Italy, Spain, Malta, and Tunisia starting in 2009. Altogether, in terms of time coverage, geographic extent, and number of citizen records, these represent the most effective marine citizen science campaigns thus far implemented in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, we analyzed a collective database merging records over the above four countries, featuring more than 100,000 records containing almost 25,000 observations of jellyfish specimens collected over a period of 3 to 7 years (from 2009 to 2015) by citizen scientists participating in any of the national citizen science programs included in this analysis. Such a wide citizen science exercise demonstrates a valuable and cost-effective tool to understanding ecological drivers of jellyfish proliferation over the Western and Central Mediterranean basins, as well as a powerful contribution to developing tailored adaptation and management strategies; mitigating jellyfish impacts on human activities in coastal zones; and supporting implementation of marine spatial planning, Blue Growth, and conservation strategies.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3389/fmars.2021.649873,

title = {The Role of Sea-Urchins in Marine Forests From Azores, Webbnesia, and Cabo Verde: Human Pressures, Climate-Change Effects and Restoration Opportunities},

author = {Alejandro Bernal-Ibáñez and Eva Cacabelos and Ricardo Melo and Ignacio Gestoso},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.649873},

doi = {10.3389/fmars.2021.649873},

issn = {2296-7745},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},

volume = {8},

abstract = {Marine forests ecosystems are typical of temperate rocky benthic areas. These systems are formed by canopy-forming macroalgae (Laminariales, Tilopteridales, and Fucales) of high ecological value that provide numerous ecosystem services. These key species are also indicators of good environmental status. In recent decades, marine forests have been threatened by different impacts of local and global origin, putting their stability and survival in question. On a global scale, in many temperate areas of the planet, marine forests have been replaced by “sea-urchins barrens.” We present a general overview of sea-urchins’ population status in the archipelagos of Azores, Webbnesia (Madeira, Selvagens, and Canary Islands) and Cabo Verde, focusing on their role in the maintenance of the so-called “alternate stable state.” After an in-depth evaluation of the different anthropogenic and environmental pressures, we conclude that sea-urchins population explosion has been facilitated in the benthic habitats of Madeira and Canary Islands, preventing the recovery of canopy-forming macroalgae assemblages and being one of the main drivers in maintaining a stable barren state. Diadema africanum is the main barrens-forming species in Webbnesia, where it reaches high densities and strongly impacts macroalgal assemblages. On the other hand, in the most pristine areas, such as the Selvagens Islands and other Marine Protected Areas from the Canary Islands, the density of D. africanum is up to 65% lower than in the nearby Madeira Island, and macroalgal communities are preserved in good status. This information is critical for marine environmental management, highlighting the urgent need for implementation of appropriate control mechanisms and restoration actions headed to the conservation of marine forests in Macaronesian archipelagos.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.3389/fmars.2021.645578,

title = {Disease Outbreak in a Keystone Grazer Population Brings Hope to the Recovery of Macroalgal Forests in a Barren Dominated Island},

author = {Francesca Gizzi and João G. Monteiro and Rodrigo Silva and Susanne Schäfer and Nuno Castro and Silvia Almeida and Sahar Chebaane and Alejandro Bernal-Ibáñez and Filipe Henriques and Ignacio Gestoso and João Canning-Clode},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.645578},

doi = {10.3389/fmars.2021.645578},

issn = {2296-7745},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},

volume = {8},

abstract = {Macroalgal forests play a key role in shallow temperate rocky reefs worldwide, supporting communities with high productivity and providing several ecosystem services. Sea urchin grazing has been increasingly influencing spatial and temporal variation in algae distributions and it has become the main cause for the loss of these habitats in many coastal areas, causing a phase shift from macroalgae habitats to barren grounds. The low productive barrens often establish as alternative stable states and only a major reduction in sea urchin density can trigger the recovery of macroalgal forests. The present study aims to assess if the 2018 disease outbreak, responsible for a strong reduction in the sea urchin Diadema africanum densities in Madeira Island, was able to trigger a reverse shift from barren grounds into macroalgae-dominated state. By assessing the diversity and abundance of benthic sessile organisms, macroinvertebrates and fishes before, during and after that particular mass mortality event, we evaluate changes in benthic assemblages and relate them to variations in grazer and herbivore densities. Our results revealed a clear shift from barren state to a macroalgae habitat, with barrens characterized by bare substrate, sessile invertebrate and Crustose Coralline Algae (CCA) disappearing after the mortality event. Overall variations in benthic assemblages was best explained by four taxa (among grazers and herbivores species). However, it was the 2018 demise of D. africanum and its density reduction that most contributed to the reverse shift from a long stable barren state to a richer benthic assemblage with higher abundance of macroalgae. Despite this recent increase in macroalgae dominated habitats, their stability and persistence in Madeira Island is fragile, since it was triggered by an unpredictable disease outbreak and depends on how D. africanum populations will recover. With no control mechanisms, local urchin populations can easily reach the tipping point needed to promote a new shift into barren states. New conservation measures and active restoration are likely required to maintain and promote the local stability of macroalgal forests.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{articlee,

title = {Macroalgae niche modelling: a two-step approach using remote sensing and in situ observations of a native and an invasive Asparagopsis},

author = {Enrique Casas Mas and Marc Fernandez and Artur Gil and Chris Yesson and Afonso Prestes and I. Moreu and Ana Isabel Neto and Manuel Arbelo},

doi = {10.1007/s10530-021-02554-z},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Biological Invasions},

volume = {23},

pages = {1-16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{VILIZZI2021147868,

title = {A global-scale screening of non-native aquatic organisms to identify potentially invasive species under current and future climate conditions},

author = {Lorenzo Vilizzi and Gordon H. Copp and Jeffrey E. Hill et al and João Canning-Clode and et al and Nuno Castro and João G. Monteiro and et al and Ignacio Gestoso and et al and Francesca Gizzi and et al and Paola Parretti and et al and Stacey Clarke },

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969721029399},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147868},

issn = {0048-9697},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Science of The Total Environment},

volume = {788},

pages = {147868},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}